From 32 bits to 128
- IPv4
- 192.168.100.1 /24
- 192.168.100.001 /24
- IPv6
- 2001:ABCD:1002:DCBA:: /64
- 2001:ABCD:1002:DCBA:0000:0000:0000:0000: /64
64 bit networks
- /64 is the new /24
- Ubiquitous
- M2M Factory or point-to-point link
- 64 bit network definition
- 2600:ABCD:4321:1234
- 16 bit sections divided by colons.
- 16:16:16:16
- 64 bit host identification
- 128 bit IPv6 address
- 2600:ABCD:4321:1234:443:8080:80:4444
- There are fewer fields
- No checksums
- No fragmentations
- To keep header as small as possible
- IT is still has twice as big as an IPv4 thogn, because we haev to store the whole IP.
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- Instead of "protocol" we say "Next Header"
- Instead of time to live we say "Hop Limit"
- Traffic class is what we use for Quality of Service
IPv6 Real world
- /48 is a common assignable block size
- There are service providers that can give you IPvv6 space by building a trunk, they will allocate you some space.
- 2600:ABCD:4321::/48
- Each subnet would be built in the 4th block
- 2600:ABCD:4321:0000 - 2600:ABCD:4321:FFFF
- 1 subnet per VLAN typically
IPv6 address shortening
- We can reduce consecutive bytes of 00's.
- 2001:ABCD:4321:DCBA:0000:0000:0000:0001
- 2001:ABCD:4321:DCBA::1
- Reducing 00's to :: can only happen once!
- 2001:ABCD:0000:0000:3201:0000:0000:0001
- Right
- 2001:ABCD::3201:0:0:1
- 2001:ABCD:0:0:3201::1
- Wrong
IPv6 Real World continues
- Site prefix 2600:ABCD:4321:: /48
- My first VLAN (1)
- My tenth VLAN (10)
IPv6 VLAN 10
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- It is really important to have DNS working properly.
Ports of IPv6
- Because they are so large you probably do not have to worry about variable portions of an address.
Additional IPv6 concepts:
Practice Question (IPv4 subnetting)
- Find the network address for the following IP address and subnet mask:10.0.0.143 /25
- 10.0.0.0
- 10.0.0.128
- 10.0.0.136
- 10.0.0.140